Explanation:

Let’s break this down:

- Option 1: Davis and Moore:  These are the guys who actually made the famous functionalist argument. In their view, social stratification—especially when it comes to power and prestige—is not just common, but inevitable in any society. Their reasoning? You need to motivate the right people to fill the most important roles, so society “rewards” them with higher status and more power. This was a classic sociological take.

- Option 2: Parson: Talcott Parsons was a big name in functionalism, no question. But he focused more on how different parts of society work together. He spoke about value consensus and social order, not so much about stratification being inevitable due to power and prestige.

- Option 3: Young: Michael Young wrote about the “meritocracy,” but he was usually warning us about its downsides. He wasn’t saying stratification is natural or necessary.

- Option 4: Eva Rosenfeld: Not directly linked with this theory at all. Her work was more about psychology and education.

So, the correct answer is Option 1: Davis and Moore.