Murray thought that the lsquo underclass rsquo consisted of people who ........

Sociology Preliminary SOCIAL STRATIFICATION

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Murray thought that the ‘underclass’ consisted of people who:

formed an inferior ‘race’ with low levels of intelligence

lived morally unsound lives of crime and squalor

were too reliant upon welfare benefits

all of the above

Explanation:

- Charles Murray, an American sociologist, is known for his controversial views on social class.

- He argued that the ‘underclass’ developed due to various social and economic factors.

- Option 1: Murray did emphasize differences in intelligence in his writings, particularly in "The Bell Curve," but this is not his primary definition of the 'underclass.'

- Option 2: He described the underclass as those who lived in socially and morally deficient ways, often associated with crime and poverty.

- Option 3: He believed that excessive reliance on welfare was a major issue among the underclass, encouraging dependency instead of self-improvement.

- Option 4: All of the above options collectively capture different aspects of Murray’s views.

Option 4: all of the above