Explanation:

- Option 1: Malinowski

- Bronislaw Malinowski was a Polish anthropologist, known for his fieldwork in the Trobriand Islands. He focused on the importance of participant observation and functionalism in understanding cultures.

- Option 2: Matthew Arnold

- Matthew Arnold was an English poet and cultural critic. He described culture as "the best that has been thought and said," emphasizing moral and intellectual development.

- Option 3: David Bidney

- David Bidney was an anthropologist and philosopher. He discussed the role of culture in relation to human nature but did not define it specifically as communicable intelligence.

- Option 4: Marett

- Robert Ranulph Marett was a British anthropologist. He touched upon culture from a spiritual and moral perspective but is credited with defining it as communicable intelligence.

- Correct Answer