Data Interpretation

Data Interpretation is the process of making sense out of a collection of data that has been processed. This collection may be present in various forms like bar graphs, line charts and tabular forms and other similar forms and hence needs an interpretation of some kind

Table Chart

In tables, data is arranged in the form of rows and columns. In DI table questions, you are required to read data from table/s, analyze the same and answer the given questions on the basis of the same.

What does a Data Interpretation Table chart represent?

Data Interpretation questions based on tables are common in competitive exams. The boxes of the table consist of different types of information such as marks of a student, income of a company, production of some firm, expenditure on different items and so on. Generally the first row and column of the table denote the titles. The level of questions in tables may be higher or lower as compared to the other form of graphs. This is largely dependent upon the data given in the table and the way questions are framed.

Data Interpretation – Tips

• Before solving a question, read the information given in the table very carefully as even minute detail may change the question entirely. Understand the instructions carefully to avoid wastage of time while calculating data.

• Be attentive about the units given in the table and also about those asked in answer options. A mistake in units may result in different or wrong answers.

• Also pay attention to whether the answer options are given in decimal or percentage. This type of error easily occurs in DI - Tables and is easily avoidable.

• Try to use approximation technique i.e. if the answer options are wide, then time should not be wasted to calculate the exact figures. But if one of the options is 'none of the above', a close approximation will suffice.

Drection(1-5)A school has four sections A, B, C, D of Class IX students.The result of half yearly and annual examination are shown in the table belowbelow

Question 1:If the number of students passing an examination be considered a criteria for comparision of difficulty level of two examinations, which of the following statements is true in this context?

A. Half yearly examinations were more difficult.

B. Annual examinations were more difficult.

C. Both the examinations had almost the same difficulty level.

D. The two examinations cannot be compared for difficulty level.

 Explanation -  Number of students who passed half-yearly exams in the school 

= (Number of students passed in half-yearly but failed in annual exams) + (Number of students passed in both exams)
= (6 + 17 + 9 + 15) + (64 + 55 + 46 + 76)
= 288.
Also, Number of students who passed annual exams in the school
= (Number of students failed in half-yearly but passed in annual exams) + (Number of students passed in both exams)
= (14 + 12 + 8 + 13) + (64 + 55 + 46 + 76)
= 288.
Since, the number of students passed in half-yearly = the number of students passed in annual exams. Therefore, it can be inferred that both the examinations had almost the same difficulty level.

Thus Statements (a), (b) and (d) are false and Statement (c) is true. 

Question 2. How many students are there in Class IX in the school?

 A. 336                      B.189                       C. 335                         D. 430

 Explanation -  Since the classification of the students on the basis of their results and sections form independent groups, so the total number of students in the class: 

 = (28 + 23 + 17 + 27 + 14 + 12 + 8 + 13 + 6 + 17 + 9 + 15 + 64 + 55 + 46 + 76)
= 430. 

Question 3. Which section has the maximum pass percentage in at least one of the two examinations?

  A. A Section            B. B Section            C. C Section               D. D Section

 Explanation- Pass percentages in at least one of the two examinations for different sections are:

  For Section A = (14+6+64) / (28+14+6+64)×100 %=  84/112×100% = 75%

 For Section B =(12+17+55) / (23+12+17+55) ×100% = 84/'117×100  % = 78.5%

 For Section C = (8+9+46) / (17+8+9+46)×100% ==63 / 80 ×100%= 78.75%

 For Section D = (13+15+76) / (27+13+15+76) ×100% = 104/131cx 100 % =  79.39%

  Clearly ,the pass percentage is maximum for Section D 

Question 4. Which section has the maximum success rate in annual examination?

 A. A Section             B. B Section            C. C Section               D. D Section

 Explanation - 

Question 5. Which section has the minimum failure rate in half yearly examination?

 A. A section             B. B section             C. C section               D. D section

 Explanation -

DIRECTION(6-10) The following table shows the number of new employees added to different categories of employees in a company and also the number of employees from these categories who left the company every year

Question 6.What is the difference between the total number of Technicians added to the Company and the total number of Accountants added to the Company during the years 1996 to 2000?

A. 128            B. 112            C. 96              D. 88

 Explanation -  Required difference = (272 + 240 + 236 + 256 + 288) - (200 + 224 + 248 + 272 + 260)

= 88. 

Question 7.  What was the total number of Peons working in the Company in the year 1999?

A. 1312          B. 1192          C. 1088          D. 968

 Explanation -  Total number of Peons working in the Company in 1999 

= (820 + 184 + 152 + 196 + 224) - (96 + 88 + 80 + 120)
= 1192. 

Question 8. For which of the following categories the percentage increase in the number of employees working in the Company from 1995 to 2000 was the maximum?

A. Managers      B. Technicians      C. Operators      D. Accountants

Explanation - Number of Managers working in the Company: 

In 1995 = 760.
In 2000 = (760 + 280 + 179 + 148 + 160 + 193) - (120 + 92 + 88 + 72 + 96)= 1252.

Therefore, Percentage increase in the number of Managers  

=(1252−760)760×100 % = 64.74%  

Number of Technicians working in the Company:
In 1995 = 1200.
In 2000 = (1200 + 272 + 240 + 236 + 256 + 288) - (120 + 128 + 96 + 100 +112) = 1936.
Therefore, Percentage increase in the number of Technicians 

 = (1936−1200) / 1200 ×100% = 61.33%

Number of Operators working in the Company:

In 1995 = 880.
In 2000 = (880 + 256 + 240 + 208 + 192 + 248) -  (104 + 120 + 100 + 112 + 144) = 1444.
Therefore, Percentage increase in the number of Operators  

=(1444−880)/880×100 % = 64.09% 

Number of Accountants working in the Company: 

In 1995 = 1160.
In 2000 = (1160 + 200 + 224 + 248 + 272 + 260) -  (100 + 104 + 96 + 88 + 92) = 1884.
Therefore, Percentage increase in the number of Accountants  

=(1884−1160)1160  x 100 % = 62.14% 

Number of Peons working in the Company: 

In 1995 = 820.
In 2000 = (820 + 184 + 152 + 196 + 224 + 200) - (96 + 88 + 80 + 120 + 104)    = 1288.
Therefore, Percentage increase in the number of Peons  

=(1288−820)820×100 % = 57.07% 

Clearly, the percentage increase is maximum in case of Managers.

Question 9. What is the pooled average of the total number of employees of all categories in the year 1997?

A. 1325          B. 1195          C. 1265          D. 1235

 Explanation  -  Total number of employees of various categories working in the Company in 1997 are: 

Managers = (760 + 280 + 179) - (120 + 92) = 1007.

Technicians = (1200 + 272 + 240) - (120 + 128) = 1464.

Operators = (880 + 256 + 240) - (104 + 120) = 1152.

Accountants = (1160 + 200 + 224) - (100 + 104) = 1380.

Peons = (820 + 184 + 152) - (96 + 88) = 972.

Therefore, Pooled average of all the five categories of employees working in the Company in 1997 = 1/5 x (1007 + 1464 + 1152 + 1380 + 972)

= 1/5 x (5975)

= 1195

Question 10. During the period between 1995 and 2000, the total number of Operators who left the Company is what percent of total number of Operators who joined the Company?

A. 19%           B. 21%           C. 27%           D. 29%

Explanation  - Total number of Operators who left the Company during 1995 - 2000 

= (104 + 120 + 100 + 112 + 144)

= 580.

Total number of Operators who joined the Company during 1995 - 2000
= (880 + 256 + 240 + 208 + 192 + 248
= 2024.
Therefore, Required Percentage
= (580/2024)x100% = 28.66% ~= 29%.