Read the passage and answer the following questions:
In place of the old pleasures demanding intelligence and personal initiative, we have vast organizations that provide us with ready-made distractions—distractions which demand from pleasure-seekers no personal participation and no intellectual effort of any sort. To the interminable democracies of the world, a million cinemas bring the same stale balderdash.
There have always been fourth-rate writers and dramatists; but their workers, in past, quickly died without getting beyond the boundaries of the city or the country in which they appeared. Today, the inventions of the scenario- writers go out from Los Angeles across the whole world. Countless audiences soak passively in the tepid bath of nonsense. No mental effort is demanded of them, no participation; they need to only sit and keep their eyes open.