Context:
The Monsoon Session of Parliament is scheduled to begin soon. Parliament convenes three sessions annually:

• Budget Session (February-May)
• Monsoon Session (July-September)
• Winter Session (November-December)

Rules for Conduct of Business:

• Under Rule 377 (Lok Sabha), members can raise matters not considered Points of Order and not previously discussed in the session.
• In Rajya Sabha, members can mention matters of public importance under Rule 180A-E.
• Four main discussion procedures in Lok Sabha:
  • Debate without voting (Rule 193)
  • Motion with voting (Rule 184)
  • Adjournment motion
  • No-confidence motion
• Similar procedures apply in Rajya Sabha except the no-confidence motion.

Key Procedures:

• Question Hour: First hour of Lok Sabha sittings devoted to questions by MPs on government policies and administration for accountability.
• Zero Hour: Period immediately after Question Hour before regular business begins; members can raise urgent issues but government is not obliged to respond.
• Short Duration Discussion: MPs may request short discussions without formal motions or votes, requiring written notice and support from at least two other members.
• Adjournment Motion: Used to draw attention to urgent public matters; if admitted, it suspends normal business for discussion.
• No-Confidence Motion: The Council of Ministers must have the confidence of the House to govern. The Opposition can move a no-confidence motion; if passed, the government falls.

Source: IE