Explanation:

The Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument onboard Chandrayaan-3 Rover confirms presence of Sulphur (S) on lunar surface.

• This instrument has made the first-ever in-situ measurements on the elemental composition of the lunar surface near the South Pole.

How does this work?

• It is a scientific technique that analyzes the composition of materials by exposing them to intense laser pulses.

• A high-energy laser pulse is focused onto the surface of a material, such as a rock or soil.

• The laser pulse generates extremely hot and localized plasma.

• The collected plasma light is spectrally resolved and detected by detectors such as Charge Coupled Devices.

• Since each element emits a characteristic set of wavelengths of light when it's in a plasma state, the elemental composition of the material is determined.

• LIBS payload is developed at the Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems (LEOS)/ISRO, Bengaluru.

Hence only statement 2nd is correct.