Daily Current Affairs on Menace of Japanese Encephalitis in Assam for State General Knowledge (GK) Preparation

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Daily Current Affairs

Menace of Japanese Encephalitis in Assam

Assam Geography and Environment
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Menace of Japanese Encephalitis in Assam
  • At least 22 people have died of Japanese Encephalitis (JE) in Assam
  • The toll is almost double the figure during the same period in 2018.
  • The State Programme Officer of National Vector-Borne Disease Control Programme, said that JE had claimed 21 people till June with 59 more positive cases having been reported.
  • Assam has had a history of JE and malaria outbreak, especially during the rainy season.
What is Japanese Encephalitis?
  • Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus.
  • It belongs to the same genus as dengue, yellow fever and West Nile viruses.
  • The first case of JE was documented in 1871 in Japan.
Target:
  • JE primarily affects children.
  • Most adults in endemic countries have natural immunity after childhood infection, but individuals of any age may be affected.
Transmission:
  • It is transmitted by rice field breeding mosquitoes (primarily Culex tritaeniorhynchus group).
  • The mosquitoes transmit JE by feeding on domestic pigs and wild birds infected with the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV).
  • It is not transmitted from person-to-person.
Disease outbreaks:
  • Major JE outbreaks occur every 2-15 years.
  • JE transmission mainly intensifies during the rainy season, during which vector populations increase.
Signs and symptoms:
  • Most JE infections are mild (fever and headache) or without apparent symptoms, but it may result in severe clinical illness.
  • Severe infection is marked by quick onset, headache, high fever, neck stiffness, disorientation, stupor, occasional convulsions (especially in infants) etc.
Treatment: There is no specific therapy. Intensive supportive therapy is indicated
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