Tribal Movements in Rajasthan :

Eki movement :

The beginning of the Eki Movement is generally attributed to the events at the Matrikund fair in Chittod. Here, a group of adivasis agreed to desist from paying taxes to jagirdars until the Maharana does not address the problems with the jagirdari system.

The immediate inspiration for the movement was Motilal Tejawat's exposure to the Bijolia movement. Pamphlets associated with the Bijolia movement were circulating throughout Mewar around 1920.Tejawat distributed copies of these pamphlets in Jharol thikana, whose jagirdar was known to oppress adivasis  and followed up by calling a series of meeting in adivasi villages in the area, leading to formation of a committee that sought to articulate the grievances and demands of the adivasi peasantry.

In May 1921, Tejawat was able to utilize a large gathering of adivasi peasants at the annual peasant fair Matri Mundiya near Chittor to spread his message and mobilize his followers on the issues of begar and unfair taxation. After the fair, a large number of protesting peasants marched to Udaipur to seek an audience with the Maharana who agreed to meet them and conceded some, but not all demands. Three important issues on which the Maharana granted no concession were: the use of forests by adivasis, begar, and the rounding up of adivasis for the royal shikhar (hunt).

Violent suppression of movement :

On March 7, 1922, several thousand agitators gathered in the village of Palchitaria in Idar State (the village was renamed Dadhvav and now lies in Vijaynagar taluka, Sabarkantha district in present-day Gujarat). Troops of the Mewar Bhil Corps under the command of Major H.G. Sutton opened fire on the crowds. While Major Sutton described the engagement as a 'skirmish' in which 22 persons were killed, local oral tradition claims that between 1,000 and 1,500 were killed. Tejawat himself managed to escape the carnage, and the movement continued for another two months.

Bhagat Movement :

Govindgiri , (1858–1931) was a social and religious reformer in the early 1900s in the adivasi-dominated border areas of present-day Rajasthan and Gujarat. He is seen as having popularized the Bhagat movement, which was first started in the 18th century, which aimed to 'emancipate' them by prescribing, among other things, adherence to vegetarianism and abstinence from all kinds of intoxicants. Inspired by the  Govind guru, the Bhils then rose against oppressive policies of the British and forced farm labour imposed by the local princely rulers of Banswara, Santrampur, Dungarpur and Kushalgarh.

Mobilised by him, the Bhils placed a charter of 33 demands before the British by 1910 primarily relating to forced labour, high tax imposed on Bhils and harassment of the guru's followers by the British and rulers of princely states. "The Bhil struggle for justice under Govind Guru took a serious turn after the British and local rulers refused to accept the demands and tried to break the Bhagat movement,".

Bhil movement :

The Bhil tribe was known as a peaceful community, but the changes introduced by the British compelled them them to revolt against the british imperialists and the native feudal order.

They were enjoying undisturbed  forest rights before the British rule. The majority of Bhills inhabited the former princely states of Mewar ( Udaipur ), Dungarpur, Banswara and Sirohi Rajasthan. In 1818 the states of Mewar, Dungarpur and Banswara and in 1823 Sirohi concluded treaties with the British. The Bhils of Mewar state revolted against the new order that emerged out of  Mewar British treaty in 1818.

Mer revolt :

The Bhil and Mer revolt begin coincidently in 1881. The Mer revolt was short lived, while the Bhil revolt  continued for a long time. The Mers were not under the direct control of any political authority, though parts of their territory were within  the boundary of Mewar and Marwar states, and the suba of Ajmer. The Mers never came under the control of Rajputs, Mughals and Marthas. The British were the first who tried them to bring them under complete subordination and this became the cause of the Mer revolt. The British wanted to impose tax which was possible only after they surrendred to the British but instead faced tough resistance before them could defeat them.