The installed capacity for power generation in Punjab was 4878 MW in 2010-11, and it generated 27464.57 million KWH of electricity. In addition, 28.5 MW of biomass power is being generated in the state. The highest • consumer of electricity is the industry (34.22% of total electricity consumed in the state in 2009-10). All urban centres have 100% coverage and according to census 2011, 95.5% of the rural households in the state have direct electricity connection.

Installed Capacity :

• The per capita electricity consumption is 271 KWH by domestic sector, 81 KWH by commercial sector, 377 KWH by the industry, 27 KWH by public lighting and 346 KWH by agriculture. The total per capita consumption being 1102 KWH which is almost 1.5 times the national average 779 KWH.
• The state has increased its installed power capacity by around 12% between financial year 2006 and financial year 2010, however since then upto 2011, it has remained the same. The demand for power in the state is rising sharply on account of rapidly increasing use of electrical energy for agricultural operations, progressive industrialisation, high living standard of residents and intensive rural electrification programme. With a view to make the state self-reliant and power surplus, four new thermal plants namely Talwandi Sabo 1980 MW, Rajpura 1400 MW, Goindwal Sahib 540 MW, Gidderbaha 2640 MW have been undertaken. The state has also proposed to set up 1000 MW gas-based power plant at Ropar.

Punjab Energy Development Agency :

• Punjab Energy Development Agency (PEDA) was formed in September 1991 as a nodal agency for promotion and development of non-conventional and renewable energy programs or projects in the state of Punjab. The mission statement of Punjab Energy Development Agency says a lot about itself.PEDA — Working towards a Sustainable Energy Future' With growing energy demand and concern for depletion of Conventional fuel resources and associated environmental pollution, there is an urgent need to develop alternative non-conventional sources of energy in Punjab. The state is fortunately favourably endowed in this regard. PEDA has recently been set up to give a fillip to these technology areas in the state.

Objectives :

• Promotion and development/implementation of alternative non-conventional energy technologies programs/projects. Implementation of a comprehensive energy conservation program in the industrial, agricultural and commercial as well as household sectors.
• Promotion and development of new and emerging technology areas such as co-generation.
• Collection of energy database to provide policy and planning input to the state government.

Small /Micro Hydro Projects :

• Punjab has long history of making use of energy from water. The water has been used to turn mills and since the beginning of the 20th century, hydro has been used to generate electricity. Hydro power represents the established technology that can contribute to the world wide demand for an increasing level of power supply from renewable energy sources and generate power with no atmospheric emissions. In Punjab, a small sale hydro power project provides economically attractive power generation options at many locations for a very wide range of applications.

Biomass Power Project :

• Punjab is predominantly rich in agriculture and contributes the major share to the grain basket of India. It has surplus production of major crops. It produces 25% of country's cotton, 22% of wheat and 55% of rice, even though it has only 1.5% of total country cultivable area. Punjab has been meeting its electrical power requirements primarily through conventional thermal and hydro power generation.
• Punjab has sufficient availability of biomass or agrowaste. It is substantial to produce about 1000 MW of electricity. PEDA has so for allocated 30 sites/tehsils for setting up of total 332.5 MW capacity biomass or agrowaste based power project under three phases.

Wind Power Projects :

• India is the fifth largest wind power producer in the world after Germany, the USA, Denmark and Spain with a wind power generation capacity of 1870 MW. The gross wind energy potential in India has been estimated at 45000 MW. About 11.3 billion units of electricity have been fed in to various state grids from these projects.
• The Wind Resource Assessment Programme (WRAP) carried out in India is to assess the wind potential. This programme is being implemented by state nodal agencies and C-Wet through Wind Energy Survey Project.
• In the state of Punjab, as per earlier Wind Resource Assessment carried out by C-Wet, there is no wind speed resign at lower heights (25 mtrs.). However, there is a possibility of higher wind speeds at heights close to 100 mtrs. Under the state NRSE Policy-2006, the government is keen to provide all support for setting up of wind power projects.

Solar Power Projects :

• Punjab is endowed with vast potential of solar energy with over 300 days of sunshine in a year and this key renewable energy source is being efficiently exploited by PEDA. As the state is endowed with vast potential of solar energy estimated at 4-7 KWH/Sq.mtr of solar insolation levels and the government is also keen to tap this resource for strengthening power infrastructure in the state by setting up Solar Energy based power projects.
• Under Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India, programme for Demonstration of Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic System, 2 Nos. (50 KWP capacity each) Grid Interactive Power Plant has been installed at Mini Sector Building, Chandigarh and village Bajak. Both these projects were commissioned during October 1999 and are operating satisfactorily.
• Another 200 KWp SPV Grid Interactive Power Project at Village Khatkar Kalan, District Nawanshaher has been commissioned with 67% financial support from MNRE, GOI in the state. This project is feeling solar power in the PSEB Grid in the localised manner and providing power to 100 numbers of streetlights. Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, Hon'ble Ex-President of India, had dedicated this project to the nation on the martyrdom day of Shaheed-e-Azam Bhagat Singh on March 23rd 2003.
• One SPV Power Plant of capacity 25 Kwp has been set up in the solar passive complex of PEDA in the year 2004. This project is providing 25 KW power for lightning, fans, computers, etc. in the office. Solar Photovolatic Projects of capacity 8.00 MW had been commissioned in the state under Jawaharlal Solar Mission, Government of India Programme. 1 No. plant of capacity 1 MW has also been commissioned at Village Phullokhari District, Bathinda under Tail End Grid connected Government of India Programme by PEDA. It is worth mentioning here that this form of energy would mitigate carbon dioxide emissions and would consequently combat climate change. With the utilisation of this abundant resource, it is proposed to add 200 MW by the year 2020.
• A major rooftop programme for Solar Photovoltaic Power Project has been launched in the state under which the rooftop SPV Power Projects have been setup at various important Government, Institutional, and religious buildings namely Punjab Raj Bhawan, Punjab Civil Secretariat , Golden Temple, Wagah Border, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana and Pushpa Gujral Science City, Kapurthala, etc Rooftop projects shall be continued to be promoted in all sectors in order to enhance the share of solar power in the state.

Solar Passive Complex :

• PEDA - Solar Passive Complex, Chandigarh is a unique and successful model of Energy Efficient Solar Builidng, designed on solar passive architecture with the partial financial support of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, GOI and Department of Science, Technology, Environment and Non-conventional Energy, Government of Punjab. It is setup on a plot size 1.49 acre (268ft. x 243 ft.) allotted by Chandigarh Administraiton, UT, Chandigarh with a total covered area 68,224 sq. ft. including 23,200 sq. ft. basement.

High Rate Biomethanantion Power Project :

• High Rate Biomethanantion Power Project for Recovery of Energy from the Dairy Waste at Haibowal, Ludhiana. This project has been set up as the first of its kind demonstration project under the UNDP / Global Environment Facility (GEF) programme of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India, for development of high rate biomethanation process. This project is a sub-project among 16 such projects being set up in the country on different waste streams.
• This project has been commissioned in November, 2004. This project has been set up on a plot measuring 2.42 acres provided to PEDA by Municipal Corporation, Ludhiana, on lease basis. The project is working well as per availability of cattle dung.

Biomethanation Power Project at Jamsher Dairy Complex, Jalandhar :

• 1 MW Biomethanation Cattle Dung based Power Project at Jamsher Dairy complex, Jalandhar, has been allotted to M/s Shakti Enviro Greens Private Limited, Delhi on Build, Operate and Own (BOO) basis. For this project, all statutory clearances have been obtained by the company and implementation agreement has been signed with PEDA.

Biomethanation Technology at Dera Bassi, Mohali :

• In principle approval for 1.6 MW capacity Biomethanation Power Project at Dere Bassi, District Mohali, has also be given to M/s lOT Mabagas Limited, Mumbai, based on chicken litter, cattle dung, organic industrial waste, veg and market waste.

New and Renewable Sources of Energy (NRSE) Policy, 2012 :

• Punjab is pleased to formulate a 'New and Renewable Sources of Energy (NRSE) Policy - 2012', to develop and promote new and renewable sources of energy based technologies and energy conservation measures as well as providing financial and fiscal assistance, thereby addressing the problems arising from depletion of conventional sources of energy and environment pollution. The Policy would be effective from the date of its notification in the official gazette of Punjab Government and shall remain in operation till the government notifies the new policy. For giving effect to this policy, necessary amendments in various policies, rules and regulations, wherever necessary, shall be expeditiously undertaken by the concerned departments.

Objectives :

Punjab has considerable potential in NRSE sector which is being harnessed. With a view to maximise the utilisation of these resources; this policy aims to achieve the following objectives :

• To maximise and improve the share of new and renewable sources of energy to 10% of the total installed power capacity in the state by 2022.
• To promote renewable energy initiatives for meeting energy / lighting needs in rural areas and supplementing energy needs in urban, industrial and commercial sectors.
• To create conducive conditions for attracting private sector investment in NRSE projects along with broader participation by public community/civil society.
• To provide decentralised renewable energy for agriculture, industry, commercial and household sector particularly in rural areas thereby improving the quality of power and reducing transmission and distribution losses.
• To give support to specific NRSE projects and schemes for generating energy and conserving energy through energy efficiency.
• To support research and development, demonstration and commercialisation of new and emerging technologies in renewable energy sector such as fuel cell, hydrogen and chemical energy, alternate fuels for transportation, etc.

Major Power Plants of the state :

Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant :

• The Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant at Bathinda is one of the three thermal power stations in Punjab (the other being at Lehra Mohabat and Ropar). It is a medium-sized power station with four units that were begun to be built in early 1970s and completed in 1982. All four generate up to 440 MW of power that meets the mammoth irrigation needs of lower Punjab.

Guru Gobind Singh Super Thermal Power Plant :

• Guru Gobind Singh Super Thermal Power Plant is located at Ghanauli near Ropar in Punjab. It is one of the coal based power plants of PSPCL.
• It is about 12 km from Ropar and 55 km from Chandigarh. The plant has a installed capacity of 1260 MW. It first unit was commissioned in September, 1984. During March 1985, the second unit was commissioned and in later years four more units were added. The station received the incentive award for reducing fuel oil consumption in 1999.
• The station also received the Shield and excellent performance by minister by the then Prime Minister of India during 1986-87 achieving 70.08% PLF against then 53.2%. The plant has its source of water supply from Nangal Hydel Channel. The coal used in it mainly comes from mines in Bihar, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh from more than 50 sources called Collieries.

Ranjit Sagar Dam :

• Ranjit Sagar Dam Project with an installed capacity 600 MW and 160 metre high earth core cum gravel shell dam is a gigantic multipurpose river valley project. Project is named after Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the renowned ruler of Punjab. Dam is located in a gorge section near village Thein of Jammu and Kashmir and as such it is also known as Thein Dam. It is 24 km upstream of Madhopur Head Works. Ranjit Sagar Reservoir spreading in an area of 8700 sq km falls in three states of Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Project is an embodiments of inter state relationship. The project was commissioned on 12th August 2000 and was dedicated to the nation by the then hon'ble Prime Minister of India on 4th March 2001.

Objective :

• Indus Water Treaty was signed between India and Pakistan on 19th September, 1960. India has exclusive rights on the waters of river Ravi. Ravi unit-I scheme comprising of Ranjit Sagar Dam and Shahpurkandi Dam was conceived for optimum utilisation of the water of river Ravi in Punjab for hydro power generation and irrigation.

Unique Features :

• The Ranjit Sagar Dam is the highest earth core cum gravel shell dam in India.
• The power plant has the second biggest Hydro-Turbine in India.
• The project has the largest dia. Penstock in India. The foundation gallary under the Rockfill Dam has been provided for the first time in India.

Talwandi Sabo Power Limited (TSPL) :

• Talwandi Sabo Power Limited (TSPL) was incorporated as an SPV by Punjab State Electricity Board (PSEB) with the purpose of constructing a 1980 (3x660) MW thermal power plant at village Banawala, Mansa-Talwandi Sabo Road, district Mansa, Punjab. Sterlite Energy Limited (a Vedanta group company) was selected as the developer of the project based on the Tariff Based International Competitive Bidding Profess (Case-2) on BOO basis for supply of 100% power to Punjab State Electricity Board (PSEB) for 25 years as per the guidelines of Government of India. Power Purchase Agreement and other related agreements were signed between TSPL and PSEB on 1st September, 2008 and the ownership of Talwandi Sabo Power Limited was transferred to Sterlite Energy Limited (SEL) on that date.
• Talwandi Sabo Power Limited (TSPL) is a 100% subsidiary of SEL. It will be implementing the largest 1980 (3x660) MW Greenfield Power Project in Punjab, with all consents and approvals in place. TSPL is one of the first few supercritical plants being constructed in the country. The Supercritical technologies are environment friendly and energy efficient technologies.

Coal Based Gidderbaha Thermal Power Plant :

• This project started construction of dam in November, 2012. It will start power generation by March 2015. The site of the project is at village Ghagga, tehsil Gidderbaha, district Muktsar on Bathinda-Abohar National Highway. The contracted capacity of the plant is 2400 MW± 10% (2160 MW — 2640 MW). The name of the project is Gidderbaha Thermal Power Project. The project will be developed on "BOO" basis through tariff based competitive process and as per the guidelines issued by Ministry of Power, Government of India.

Bhakra Dam :

• Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam across the Sutlej river and is near the border between punjab Himachal Pradesh in northern India. The dam is located at a gorge near the (now submerged)upstream Bhakra village in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh. It is India's second tallest dam at 225.55 m (740 ft) high next to the 261 m Tehri Dam.
• In terms of storage of water, it withholds the second largest reservoir in India, after the Indira Sagar Dam in Madhya Pradesh with capacity of 12.22 billion cu m. Bhakra and Nangal dams house hydroelectric power generators, which are situated on both the sides of the dams. Nangal hydel Channel and Anandpur Sahib Channel are used for power generation and irrigation purposes. Each power plant consists of five turbines. Two power houses with 5 a total capacity of is c 1325 MW flank the dam, on either side of the river. The left power house contains x 8 Fran turbines while the right 5 x 157 MW. On 30th October 2013, Bhakra Nangal Dam is celebrated 50 years of its construction. The celebrations are high right now in Nangal Dam. The power generated at Bhakra Power houses is distributed among partner states of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh.

Rajpura Thermal Power Plant :

• The Punjab Government has awarded the Rajpura Thermal Plant project, which is likely to generate 1320 MW power once operational, to Larsen and Toubro Limited (L&T), after the newly-engaged company decided to sell the electricity 41 paise per unit cheaper than quoted by the previous bidder. This power plant would use the latest supercritical technology, taking the Punjab a step closer in becoming first Power Surplus state of the country. It would be the first plant of this country to use supercritical technology that with high, temperature and pressure of steam, was considered the most efficient and the leas pollutant system of generating power from coal.

Goindwal Sahib Thermal Power Plant :

• The 540 MW (2X270 MW) thermal power project is under development near Goindwal Sahib village, district Tarn Taran in the state of Punjab.To meet the fuel requirements of Goindwal Sahib, coal will be sourced from Tokisud and Seregarha coal mines of Jharkhand. This project has a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with PSPCL for 25 years. AMoU has been signed with PSPCL to develop 2*660 MW thermal power project. For this upcoming coal based thermal power project's fuel requirement, application for coal linkage/mine allocation was submitted to the Ministry of Coal/CEA Government of India.