Explanation:

- Option 1: Jean-Jacques Rousseau

- Rousseau was a philosopher from the 18th century, known for works like "The Social Contract."

- He focused on political philosophy and the development of modern political and educational thought.

- Option 2: Machiavelli

- Machiavelli is indeed the author of "The Prince."

- Written in 1513 and published posthumously in 1532, it’s a seminal work on political strategy and power dynamics.

- Niccolò Machiavelli was an Italian diplomat, philosopher, and writer renowned for his pragmatic and sometimes ruthless advice to rulers.

- Option 3: Lord Palmerstone

- A British statesman from the 19th century, known primarily for his time as Prime Minister.

- Focused more on international relations and foreign policies rather than philosophical works.

- Option 4: Jeremy Bentham

- An English philosopher and founder of modern utilitarianism.

- Known for his ideas on morals and legislation, not statecraft treatises.