Explanation:

The National Family Health Survey (2019-21) reveals a sharp fall in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR), which is the average number of children a woman bears in her lifetime, in Jammu and Kashmir from 2.0 to 1.4, far below the national average of 2.

In comparison, Uttar Pradesh has a TFR of 2.4, Bihar 3, Madhya Pradesh 2.0, Jharkhand 2.3, Punjab 1.6, Odisha 1.8, and Kerala 1.8.

Previously, women’s only job was to produce children and take care of the family. With growing education, women (in Kashmir) are becoming more job-oriented.

They want to be on a par with men in every sphere of life and thereby, they don’t want to have a big family.

There are many reasons that have been cited like late marriages, (rising) obesity in Kashmir and a rise in infertility, that is, the inability to get pregnant.