The state is one of India's largest automobile hubs and accounts for two-thirds passenger cars, 50% tractors and 60% motorcycles manufactured in the country. The state has also emerged as a base for the knowledge industry, including IT and biotechnology. Haryana is the third-largest exporter of software and one of the preferred destinations for IT/ITeS facilities.

As per the advance estimates for 2022-23, the state’s GSDP at current prices has been estimated at Rs. 994,195 crore (US$ 120.44 billion). The state’s GSDP (in Rs.) expanded at a CAGR of 10.46% between 2015-16 and 2022-23.

Sector wise of Composition of State Economy at Constant (2011-15) Prices in 2022-23: (Economic Survey of Haryana 2022-23)

1. Industry Sector- 49.4%
2. Service Sector-  33.2%
3. Agriculture and allied Sector-   17.4%

The economy of Haryana relies on manufacturing, retailing, information outsourcing, agriculture and animal husbandry. The contribution of the state in the national Gross Domestic Product at constant prices has been estimated to be 3.5%.

It can be categorized in following types:

1. Agriculture & Animal Husbandry/Allied Activities

2. Mineral Resources

3. Energy Resources

4. Industry

5. Transport & Communication

6. Financial Plannings

• Agriculture & Animal Husbandry

Haryana is located in the northwest part of the country and the climate is arid to semi arid with average rainfall of 354.5 mm. Around -29% rainfall is received during the month from July to September and the remaining rainfall is received during Dec. to Feb. There are two agro climatic zones in the state. The North-Western part is suitable for Rice, Wheat, Vegetable and temperate fruits and the South Western part is suitable for high quality agricultural produce, tropical fruits, exotic vegetables and herbal and medicinal plants.

The total geographical area of the state is 4.42 m ha, which is 1.4 % of the geographical area of the country. The cultivable area is 3.7 m ha, which is 84% of the geographical area of the state out of which 3.64 mha i.e 98% is under cultivation. The gross cropped area of the state is 6.51m ha and net cropped area is 3.64 m ha with a cropping intensity of 184.91%. Haryana is self sufficient in food production and 2^nd largest contributor to India’s central pool of food grains. The main crops of the state are wheat, rice, sugarcane, cotton, gram, oilseeds, barley, corn, millet etc.

There are two main types of crops in Haryana:

1. Rabi – Wheat, Gram, Mustard etc. (November-March, Ashadhi)

2. Kharif- Rice, Jowar, Bajra, Cotton, Sugarcane etc (April-Oct.) Sawani.

Based on crops Haryana is decided in three (03)-agriculture zone:

a) Zone-I -08 districts (32%)

b) Zone-II – 07 districts (39%)

c) Zone-III – 06 districts (29%)

• Haryana produces 12% of wheat production of India and stands 3rd in India’s wheat producing states (U.P, Punjab, Haryana, M.P, Rajasthan)

• Sirsa district is the biggest producer of wheat in Haryana.

Rice basket of Haryana- Karnal, Kaithal, Kurukshetra, Jind.

Mustard- Mahendragarh

Sugarcane- Yamunanagar

Bajra- Bhiwani

Cotton- Sirsa

• Haryana is the biggest exporter of basmati rice (Kaithal etc) mainly to gulf countries.

• Haryana state horticulture university- Karnal

• Murrah breed of buffalo at CCSHAU Hisar. (Black gold of Haryana) Samrupa was world’s first Murrah clone, cloned at NDRI, Karnal then Garma-I.

• Sahiwal breed of Cow.

 

• Mineral Resources 

The state is the principal holder of country's resources of tin (64%), quartz-silica sand (52%) and quartzite 

(49%). The principal minerals occurring in Haryana are china clay in Faridabad, Gurugram and Rewari 

districts; limestone in Ambala, Bhiwani, Mahendragarh and Panchkula districts; quartz/silica sand in 

Bhiwani, Faridabad, Gurugram and Mahendragarh districts; quartzite in Faridabad and Gurugram districts; 

slate in Mahendragarh and Gurugram districts. Other minerals, such as, barites, calcite, feldspar and marble 

occur in Mahendragarh district; copper in Bhiwani and Mahendragarh districts; dolomite in Ambala and 

Mahendragarh districts; granite in Bhiwani district; tin and tungsten mineralization in Tosham area of 

Bhiwani district have also been reported.

• Granite is found at Khanak, Dadam, Riwasa, Tosham, Nikkipur, Pahari in Bhiwani district and 

Mukundpur, Dhanota in Mahendergarh district.

• Sandstone is found at Kalka and Ambala district. Sand transported by Ghaggar river is also main source.

• China Clay deposits are found at Faridabad and Gurugram districts.

• Gold: the incidence of occurrence of gold is found at Shivalik hills belt in Ambala and Yamuna Nagar 

districts. Some incidence of gold also reported from northern block of Tosham Hills in Bhiwani district.

• Iron deposits of high phosphorous are found at Mahendergarh and Bhiwani districts.

• Quartz Crystal is found at Mahendergarh and Gurugram district.

• Tin and Tungsten are found at Tosham Hills in Bhiwani district.

• Sange-Larza (Dancing Stone) only found at Kaliyana, Dadri (Bhiwani)

• Sulphur found at Mahendragarh. Water Spring containing Sulphur is found at Sohna.

• Copper is found around Khodana, Teejanwali Hills and Golwa-Gungutana in Mahendergarh district.

• Slate is found at Kund, Bahali and Rampura in Mahendergarh district.

• Quartz is found at Guraora-Guriani area in Rohtak district, Gurugram and Faridabad districts.

Dairy Farming

• Dairy farming is also an essential part of the rural economy. Haryana has a livestock population of 98.97 lakh. Milk and milk products form an essential part of the local diet. Haryana, with 660 grams of availability of milk per capita per day, ranks at number two in the country as against the national average of 232 grams.
• There is a vast network of milk societies that support the dairy industry.
• The National Dairy Research Institute at Karnal, and the Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes at Hisar are instrumental in development of new breeds of cattle and propagation of these breeds through embryo transfer technology.
• The Murrah breed of water buffalo from Haryana is world-famous for its milk production and termed as 'Black Gold'.

 

• Energy Resources:-

Haryana was the first fully electrified state of India (Nov 1970).

Major Energy resources and power generation corporations of Haryana

1. Haryana Power Generation Corporation Limited(HPGCL) headquarters at Panchkula.

2. Panipat Thermal Power Station at Panipat.

3. Deen Bandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal Power Project- Yamuna Nagar

4. Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power Station- Khedar, Hisar.

 

5. Indira Gandhi Super Thermal Power Project- Jhajjar. It is the biggest power plant of Haryana

6. Mahatma Gandhi Super Thermal Power Project- Khanpur (Jhajjar)

7. Faridabad Thermal Power Plant- (Gas based plant)- Faridabad

8. Aravali Power Company Private Ltd:- Joint venture of NTPC, HPGCL and Indraprastha 

Power Generation Corp. Ltd.- Jhajjar.

9. Western Yamuna Canal Power Project at Yamuna Nagar.

10. Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant- at Gorakhpur (Fatehabad)

11. Biomass Power Project at Khurawata, Mahendergarh.

 

• Industries 

Panipat:- City of weavers, city of textiles and carpets, biggest centre for quality blankets and handloom. It is biggest centre of ‘Yarn’ in the world. Agricultural instruments at Samalakha. There are IOC, NTPC and  National Fertilizers Ltd. “Panchrang International Achar”.

Sonipat:- Atlas cycles. There are four industrial areas (Sonipat, Kundli, Rai, Bari)

Rohtak:- HSIIDC has developed industrial model township (IMT) Maruti Research & development Plant.

Gurugram:- Cyber city, Millennium city, Maruti Suzuki Pvt. Ltd.,DLF real estate, General Electic etc., Software Tech. Park.

Faridabad:- Largest exporter of Henna (Mehndi) in India.

Jhajjar:- India’s largest special economic zone here.

Yamuna Nagar:- Paper city, Yamuna Gases Ltd., Sarswati sugar mill, Bharat starch chemical Ltd., Railway carriage & wagon workshop, Jagadhari, Abdullah Mandi Timber Market etc.

Ambala:- Science city, city of Scientific instruments, cloth market. Ambala constitutes 34% of the total production of scientific instruments produced in India.

Rewari:- Traditional brass metal work, Tilledar Jooti and cotton industries

Hisar:- Steel city, India’s largest producer of galvanized iron, Asia’s Largest livestock.

Jind:- Milk plants. Lakshya Dairy etc.

• The Gurgaon city is emerging as one of the major hub for the Information Technology and Automobile industry. India now has over 50% market share in the world’s IT outsourcing industry, and most of that work happens from Gurgaon. The total global and domestic outsourcing market opportunity for India is expected to grow three-fold from $500bn in 2008 to $1.5tn by 2020, according to India Brand Equity, a foundation set up by the government.
• Two of the biggest automobile and two wheeler manufacturer Maruti udyog and Hero are in Gurgaon. Haryana is a preferred destination for auto majors and auto-component manufacturers. The state is host to many large automotive players. The state produces two-thirds of passenger cars, 50 percent of tractors, 60 percent of motorcycles and 50 per cent of the refrigerators manufactured in the country. Automobiles and auto component exports from Haryana were around US$ 1.39 billion in FY18.
• The Panipat Refinery (IOCL) situated at Panipat is the second largest refinery in south Asia.
• There are numerous manufacturing companies in the region. These include Hindustan National Glass, Maruti Udyog Limited, Escorts Group, Hero Moto Corp, Alcatel, Sony, Whirlpool India, Bharti Telecom, Liberty Shoes etc. In addition there are more than 80,000 small-scale industrial units in the state which cumulatively bring in a substantial income for the state and its people.
• Yamunanagar district has a paper mill BILT.
• Faridabad is another big industrial part of Haryana. It is home to hundreds of large scale companies like Orient fans (C.K.Birla Group), JCB India Limited, Nirigemes, Agri
• Machinery Group (Escorts Group), Yamaha Motor India Pvt. Ltd.