Explanation:

- A kaleidoscope is an optical instrument that creates patterns through the interaction of light with mirrors.

- Option 2: Reflection is the correct answer. Kaleidoscopes rely on the reflection of light within mirrors to generate symmetrical patterns. This is achieved by multiple reflections inside the instrument.

- Option 1: Refraction is the bending of light when it passes through different mediums, such as glass or water. This is not primarily involved in the operation of a kaleidoscope.

- Option 3: Total Internal Reflection occurs when light is completely reflected within a medium. It plays a minor role but is not the main principle in kaleidoscopes.

- Option 4: Diffraction involves the bending of light around the edges of an object. It's not relevant here.

“”