Explanation:

- Cooperation involves working together towards a common goal. While crucial, it is not the binding force of management functions.

- Co-ordination, or aligning different activities and efforts, is essential. It integrates various functions like planning, organizing, and directing. Green tick

- Planning involves setting objectives and outlining how to achieve them. It kickstarts the management process but does not bind all functions.

- Management hierarchy refers to the levels of management within an organization. It delineates authority but is not the binding force.