Explanation:

Let’s break it down:

- Option 1: Controlling Demand

This means using things like interest rates or taxes to curb people’s spending. It can cool inflation for a bit, but if there aren’t enough goods, prices still rise over time.

- Option 2: Enhancing Supply

Increasing what’s produced or how efficiently it’s delivered makes stuff more available. More goods, less pressure on prices—this helps in the long run.

- Option 3: Both

Here’s the thing: long-term inflation really needs both demand management and supply improvements. Alone, each tool has limits. Together, they keep prices in check and the economy stable.

- Option 4: None

Ignoring both leads to uncontrolled inflation—definitely not the solution.

Correct answer: Option 3 – Both