Which of the following is are a suitable course of action in lieu of the information provided ........

Logical Reasoning(SBI-PO) Statement - Conclusions

Direction () : Read the given passage below and answer the questions.
Amid a changing environment, with natural homes of birds getting depleted as natural forests make way for plantations and other such modified terrains, comes the good news of how the great Indian hornbill adapts to such change. A group of researchers from NCBS-TIFR in Bengaluru and Nature Conservation Foundation in Mysuru observed eight hornbill nests, three located in contiguous forests and five located in modified habitats such as coffee plantations. They found that the birds followed similar nesting behaviour but adapted to the changing environment. The team chose to study the great Indian hornbills nesting in the Anamalai hills. For comparison, the researchers located the study in the modified habitat in the Valparai plateau and the contiguous forests in the Anamalai Tiger Reserve and the Vazhachal Reserve forests. The modified habitat included tea, coffee and cardamom plantations, and tribal settlements.

Which of the following is/are a suitable course of action in lieu of the information provided?

Hornbills are secondary cavity nesters and choose cavities formed in large trees for nesting. Also, they are monogamous, and the female, after copulation, seals herself in the hole until the initial breeding period of two-four months is over.

The team also highlighted the potential of rainforest fragments and coffee plantation for conservation of hornbills outside of protected areas.

In addition, it is necessary to have a diversity of native tree species, particularly figs, laurels and other food plants.

Along with other threats such as hunting, modified land use, ensuing forest fragmentation, felling of large trees with the potential for nesting, the loss of fruit bearing trees could also affect hornbill nesting habits.

Considering that hornbills use same nest over years, protection of these known nest trees and retention of large trees that can be potential nests is absolutely essential.

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Explanation:

The correct answer is option 4, i.e. Along with other threats such as hunting, modified land use, ensuing forest fragmentation, felling of large trees with the potential for nesting, the loss of fruit bearing trees could also affect hornbill nesting habits