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Indian Economy - Understanding the basics of Indian economic system

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    Directions: In the following passage, some of the words have been left out, each of which is indicated by a letter. Find the suitable word from the options given against each letter and fill up the blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph meaningful.
    Agriculture in States like Punjab is typically a ___ A ___ of wheat and paddy. When input costs associated with fertilizers, crop-protection chemicals and seeds rose, along with fixed costs associated with agricultural equipment such as tractors and submersible pumps, agriculture became economically ___ B ___. Prices have risen — of Arhar seeds and staple crops like paddy and sugarcane, of fertilizers and plain barley. The old days of farmers handing seeds as family ___ C ___ to their sons are long gone. Hiring labourers and animals is expensive. With an increase in application of crop-protection chemicals, Soya bean has seen a massive jump in ___ D ___ cost. Given a jump in input costs, cultivation costs have gone up in multiples. The total cost of cultivation for wheat rose three times from 2004-05 to 2012-13.
    While traditionally the blame is cast on the ___ E ___  local moneylender, NCRB data highlight that 2,474 of the 3,000 farmers who were reported to have committed suicide in 2015 had loans from local banks, while those who had loans from moneylenders were just 9.8 per cent of the total. Maharashtra reported 1,293 such suicides for ___ F ___, while Karnataka had 946. Meanwhile, farmers in Punjab are ___ G ___   to have an outstanding debt of ?69,355 crore. Somehow, the traditional moneylender is seemingly more “___ H ___” than local banks.


    A

    custom

    Incorrect Answer

    monoculture

    Correct Answer

    trade

    Incorrect Answer

    business

    Incorrect Answer

    cultivate

    Incorrect Answer
    Explanation:

    Correct Answer is (b).The sentence talks about the ‘Agriculture in States like Punjab’ and usage of either of the words “trade” and “business” would be irrelevant in the context. Moreover, when “trade” and “business” are synonyms, it’s evident that neither of them could be a possible choice for the blank. Options C and D hence get eliminated.
    Usage of the word “cultivate” would also be grammatically incorrect as “cultivate” is a verb whereas a noun must be filled in the blank as it is followed by the indefinite article ‘a’. This eliminates option E as well.
    Now, between “custom” and “monoculture” the latter which refers to ‘the cultivation of a single crop in a given area’ seems to fit the blank more appropriately.Option B is hence the correct answer.


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