Explanation:

Here’s what’s actually going on with the options:

- Increasing population pressure

This is more of a demographic factor. It does increase demand for food and can lead to smaller farms, but it isn’t an “institutional” issue in itself.

- Size of land holding

This is the one. Institutional factors are things like land distribution and ownership patterns—the structure of how land is held. In India, farms are often tiny and fragmented, which makes modern, efficient farming tough.

- Poor techniques of production

That falls under technological factors. It’s about how people farm, not about the rules or systems that shape farming.

- Natural calamities

These are environmental factors—floods, droughts, all that. Important, but not an “institutional” reason.