Explanation:

- Adoption is a recognized institution in Hindu Law.

- The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act of 1956 explicitly allows Hindus to formally adopt children.

- Muslim Law does not formally recognize adoption.

- In Islamic law, temporary guardianship (kafala) is a practice that shares similarities with adoption but does not confer the same legal status.

- Hindu Law and Muslim Law combined do not both formally endorse adoption, as only Hindu Law recognizes it.

- Adoption is recognized in India, as Indian law allows adoption for citizens under certain legal frameworks.

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