Explanation:

- Option 1: Sexual intercourse not permitted by law

- In Islamic law, zina refers to any sexual act that is not legally sanctioned. This includes acts outside the bounds of marriage.

- Option 2: Sexual intercourse within marriage

- This does not equate to zina, as such acts are lawful in the bounds of matrimony in Islamic law.

- Option 3: Fornication or adultery

- Zina encompasses any illegal sexual intercourse, including fornication (sex between unmarried individuals) and adultery (sex where one or both parties are married to others).

- Option 4: Both (a) and (c)

- Both illegal acts not sanctioned by law and specific acts of fornication or adultery are captured under zina.

Correct Answer: Option 4 - Both (a) and (c)