Where a special status creates a special right or liability and provides for it determines by a spec...........

Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860 Concepts

Where a special status creates a special right or liability and provides for it determines by a special forum, the jurisdiction of ordinary courts is still not ousted where:

The relevant section in the special statute provides that the finality is ‘for the purposes of this Act’ (and not generally or for all other purpose)

The statue does not lay down that all questions about the special right etc. shall be determined by the special forum

If the remedy provided is not adequate to do all which a civil court can do

All of these

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Explanation:

- Sometimes, a special statute creates special rights/liabilities and sets up its own forum for disputes.

- Ordinary court jurisdiction is not fully ousted if:

- The law says its decisions are “final for the purposes of this Act”—not for all legal purposes, just those under the Act. So, civil courts may still intervene for other issues.

- The special law doesn’t clearly state that all issues about the special right/liability have to be decided only by the special forum. So, some questions may still go to civil courts.

- If the special remedy is not as complete or effective as a civil court (can’t give full relief), civil courts may step in to ensure justice.

- Option 4 (All of these) is correct: All above points are situations where civil court jurisdiction might be preserved.