Explanation:

Article 143 of the Constitution of India with its two sub-clauses., has cast twin obligations or duty upon the Supreme court to advise, the President on the question of law or fact, which has arisen or is likely to. arise of such nature and' of such public importance that the President feels it expedient to seek the opinion of the Supreme Court upon it The President can seek the opinion of the Supreme. Court on . any question of law or fact which appears to him to be of such a nature and of such . public importance that it is expedient to obtain the Court's opinion. The Supreme Court cannot be asked to reconsider its earlier decisions by making reference under Article 143(1) of the Constitution. The Supreme Court cannot travel beyond the reference made by the President under Article 143(1) of the Constitution However the SCis not bound to give its opinion and the President is also not bound by the advice given by the SC.