Explanation:

Certiorari and prohibition are known as judicial writs as they are issued by higher courts to the lower courts. The writ of certiorari is issued requiring that the record of the proceeding in some cause or matter, pending before an inferior court of personn or persons upon whom a duty is cast by law to decide question judicially or quasi judicially shall . be transferred to the High Court to be dealt with in order to ensure that the tribunal does not act in excess of legal authority, and applicant, for the writ may have sure and speedy justice. This writ can be issued where the act is judicial but also where it is quasijudicial. In Province of Bombay v KS Advain. the Supreme Court held that two conditions must be satisfied before a writ of certiorari can be asked for. Firstly, the decision . of the authority which is challenged - . must be judicial or quasi judicial in nature. Secondly, the challenge must be in respect of excess or want of urisdiction of the deciding authority. Writ of prohibition: This is a judicial writ,issued by a court of superior jurisdiction and directed to. an inferior court, for the purpose of preventing the inferior court . from usurping a jurisdiction with which it is not legally vested, or in other words, to compel courts entrusted with judicial duties to keep within the limits of their jurisdiction. It orders the immediate stoppage of the trial in the lower court. A writ is issued against a judge of an inferior court if that judge is interested in the case, or is otherwise biased, or he has . altered or cancelled his previous judgment.