Explanation:

- Oxidation: Involves the chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen, often leading to rust in metals. It's a form of chemical weathering but not related to water association with minerals.

- Hydration: This process involves the association of water molecules with minerals, leading to structural changes. This is the correct term for when water binds with a mineral.

- Dissolution: This refers to the process where minerals dissolve in water, breaking down into ions, not merely binding with water molecules.

- Chromatography: A technique used to separate mixtures based on differential affinities, unrelated to chemical decomposition or water-mineral association.

- Hydrolysis: This occurs when water molecules break down mineral bonds, leading to decomposition, but differs from mere association.