Explanation:

- Article 12: Defines "State" for the context of fundamental rights. It is important for understanding what constitutes the State for legal purposes.

- Article 13: Addresses laws inconsistent with or in derogation of fundamental rights, ensuring laws are subject to these rights.

- Article 15: Prohibits discrimination by the State against any citizen on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, or any of them.

- Article 16: Focuses on equality of opportunity in matters of public employment, not permitting discrimination in state employment.

- Article 17: Abolishes "untouchability" and forbids its practice in any form.