Explanation:

Nitrosomonas is a genus of Gram-negative rod-shaped chemoautotrophic bacteria. This organism oxidizes ammonia into nitrite as a metabolic process, known as nitritation (a step of Nitrification). Nitrosomonas are useful in bioremediation. They are important in the nitrogen cycle by increasing the availability of nitrogen to plants while limiting carbon dioxide fixation. The genus is found in soil, freshwater, and on building surfaces, especially in areas that contains high levels of nitrogen compounds. Nitrosomonas prefers an optimum pH of 6.0-9.0 and a temperature range of 20 to 30 °C. Most species are motile with a flagellum located in the polar regions.