Concept 9 – All A is B and No B is C

The Possible Conclusions are,

Between A and B                  Between B and C                  Between A and C

All A is B                               No B is C                               No A is C

Some A is B                          No C is B                               Some A is Not C

Some B is A                          Some B is not C

—————————————-Some C is not B

Concept 10 – All A is B and No A is C

The Possible Conclusions are,

Between A and B                Between A and C                 Between B and C

All A is B                             No A is C                              Some B is not C

Some A is B                        No C is A

Some B is A                        Some A is not C

————————————–Some C is not A

 Concept 11 – Some A is B; No B is C

The Possible Conclusions are,

Between A and B                  Between B and C                 Between A and C

Some A is B                          No B is C                               Some A is not C

Some B is A                          No C is B

—————————————-Some B is not C

—————————————–Some C is not B

 Concept 12 – Some A is B; No A is C

The Possible Conclusions are,

Between A and B                Between A and C                Between B and C

Some A is B                         No A is C                            Some B is not C

Some B is A                         No C is A

——————————————-Some A is not C

——————————————-Some C is not A

Note: In all the above, the conclusions are made based on the statements. There in only one case where the conclusions are determined based on the conclusion itself. It is called as Merging Concept.

 MERGING CONCEPT

This concept is applicable when more than one conclusion does not follows.

Rules:

The two non-following conclusions must be of same character.

One conclusion must be positive (All/Some)

One conclusion must be negative (No/Some-not)

Let me explain this concept with some examples.

Example 1:

Stmt : All Lotus are Flowers; No Lilly is Lotus.

Conclusion: No Lilly is a flower; Some Lilly is Flowers.

The first step is to draw Venn Diagram. 

Now Check the conclusions.

No Lilly is a flower. (It’s not true)

Some Lilly is flowers (It is also not true)

Two conclusions are false. And Both are same Characters (Lilly and Flower). One is Positive and one is negative. It satisfies all the rules of Merging Concept.

So the Answer is Either (i) or (ii) Follows.

Example 2

Stmt : Some Cameras are Radios; Some Statues are Cameras.

Conclusion : Some Radios are statues; No Radio is a Statue.

Conclusion 1 : Some Statues are Radios (It is false) (No direct relation between Statue and Radio)

Conclusion 2: No Radio is a Statue (It is False) (It is a negative conclusion) (When statements are positive, conclusions must be positive).

Now Check for merging concept.

Two Conclusions are False.

They are of same character. One is Positive and other is Negative.

Answer is Either (I) or (II) Follows