Explanation:

(1) : Q # R × S * P = Q is husband of R, who is mother of S. S is father of P. P can be either grandson or granddaughter of Q.

(2) : Q * N × P # R = Q is father of N, who is mother of P. P is husband of R, => P is grandson of Q.

(3) : Q * L # N × P = Q is father of L, who is husband of N. N is mother of P. P can be either grandson or granddaughter of Q.

(4) : P # N × M * Q = P is husband of N, who is mother of M. M is father of Q. P is grandfather of Q.