The issues faced in deployment of Human Resources in Health in India are i Gap between different off...........

Economic and Social Issues Human development

Recently, a study based on the National Sample Survey Organisation, has revealed that India has 20.6 health workers per 10,000 people, which is less than the minimum threshold set by the World Health Organisation. India’s quest for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) depends to a great extent, on adequate and effective Human Resources for Health (HRH) providing care at primary, secondary and tertiary levels in both the public and private sectors. India has a severe shortage of human resources for health. It has a shortage of qualified health workers and the workforce is concentrated in urban areas. Bringing qualified health workers to rural, remote, and underserved areas is very challenging. Many Indians, especially those living in rural areas, receive care from unqualified providers. The migration of qualified allopathic doctors and nurses is substantial and further strains the system. Nurses do not have much authority or say within the health system, and the resources to train them are still inadequate. Little attention is paid during medical education to the medical and public health needs of the population, and the rapid privatisation of medical and nursing education has implications for its quality and governance. Such issues are a result of underinvestment in and poor governance of the health sector--two issues that the government urgently needs to address. A comprehensive national policy for human resources is needed to achieve universal health care in India. The public sector will need to redesign appropriate packages of monetary and non-monetary incentives to encourage qualified health workers to work in rural and remote areas. Such a policy might also encourage task-shifting and mainstreaming doctors and practitioners who practice traditional Indian medicine (ayurveda, yoga and naturopathy, unani, and siddha) and homoeopathy to work in these areas while adopting other innovative ways of augmenting human resources for health. At the same time, additional investments will be needed to improve the relevance, quantity, and quality of nursing, medical, and public health education in the country.

The issues faced in deployment of Human Resources in Health in India are:

i Gap between different official estimates

ii Lack of financial investment in the health sector

iii Uneven distribution between urban and rural areas

iv Slow growth compared to the demand

v Large-scale Presence of unqualified health professionals

Select the correct answer using the code given below

i. ii and iii only

iii, iv and v only

i. iv and v only

i, iii, iv and v only

all of the above

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Explanation:

Issues faced in deployment of Human Resources in Health in India

•Gap between different official estimates- such as the total size of health workforce registered with different councils and associations was 5 million, but the NSSO estimated the size of the workforce to be 1.2 million fewer at 3.8 million.

•Uneven distribution between urban and rural areas- Rural areas with nearly 71% of India’s population has only 36% of health workers.

•Slow growth compared to the demand- There are reportedly 462 medical colleges that produce 56,748 doctors every year. Similarly, 3,123 institutions across the country prepare 125,764 nurses each year.

•Large-scale Presence of unqualified health professionals- Only one in five doctors in rural India are qualified to practice medicine, highlighting the widespread problem of quackery. The WHO report, published in 2016, said 31.4% of those calling themselves allopathic doctors were educated only up to Class 12 and 57.3% doctors did not have a medical qualification. As for nurses and midwives practicing in rural areas, only 33% have studied beyond secondary school and 11% have medical qualification.