Explanation:

- Transfer by operation of law: This happens automatically due to legal rules, without any action by parties. Examples include inheritance rules where no will exists.

- Transfer by act of parties: This involves a deliberate act, like selling, gifting, or trading property between parties.

- Transfer by will: This occurs when property is transferred according to the deceased’s will. It requires a testament outlining the decision.

- None of the above: This is used when no suitable option is available.