From the 1970s until the present the shift in juvenile justice policy can be characterized as ........

Juvenile Justice Act Introduction and Definition

From the 1970s until the present, the shift in juvenile justice policy can be characterized as:

a more relaxed stand on repeat violent juvenile offenders

an "iron-fisted" punitive approach toward nonstatus offenders

a surge in the energy put toward criminalizing status offenders

all of the above

none of the above

an "iron-fisted" punitive approach toward nonstatus offenders

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