Explanation:

- Inducement: If a confession is made following inducement, it may be deemed invalid. This means the confession was offered in exchange for something desired.

- Threat: Confessions obtained under threat are irrelevant, as they are not made voluntarily. Coercion invalidates the authenticity of a confession.

- Promise: A confession given in exchange for a promise can also be invalid. Promising leniency or a reward can distort the truth.

- All of above: Confessions influenced by inducement, threat, or promise are all considered irrelevant as they may not be voluntary or truthful.

All of the above