Under section 195 of Cr PC the complaint in writing must be by ........

Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) 1973 Criminal Court and Officers

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Under section 195 of Cr PC the complaint in writing must be by:

the public servant concerned

an officer to whom such public servant is administratively subordinate

either (a) or (b)

both (a) and (b).

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Explanation:

- Section 195 of CrPC: This section outlines specific circumstances where a court cannot take cognizance of certain offenses unless a complaint is made by specific authorities.

- Option 1: The public servant concerned: The law allows a public servant who is directly involved to file the complaint.

- Option 2: An officer to whom such public servant is administratively subordinate: Alternatively, an officer higher in the hierarchy can also file the complaint.

- Option 3: Either (a) or (b): This is the correct interpretation. It means a complaint can be filed by either the concerned public servant or their superior.

- Option 4: Both (a) and (b): This would imply both need to file a complaint, which is incorrect.

Correct Answer: Option 3: Either (a) or (b).