Explanation:

- Option 1: A statute can exclude that element.

- Sometimes, laws are created that specifically exclude the necessity of Mens Rea for certain offenses. These are often strict liability offenses where the act itself is enough for liability, regardless of intent.

- Option 2: Mens Rea is an essential ingredient of a criminal offense.

- Typically, Mens Rea, or a "guilty mind," is a crucial element in establishing criminal responsibility. It refers to the intention or knowledge of wrongdoing when committing the act.

- Option 3: Both (a) and (b).

- This option suggests that both can be true — Mens Rea is generally essential, but statutes can sometimes exclude it.

- Option 4: None of the above.

- This option implies neither statement is true, which is not aligned with real legal principles.

Option 3 is the correct answer: Both (a) and (b).

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