The leave to amend should be refused I Where the amendment is not necessary for the purpose of deter...........

Civil Procedure Code (CPC) 1908 Appearance and Non Appearance of Parties

The leave to amend should be refused:

I. Where the amendment is not necessary for the purpose of determining the real questions in controversy between the parties

II. When the plaintiff’s suit would be wholly displaced by the proposed amendment

III. Where the effect of the amendment would be to take away from the defendant a legal right which has accrued to him by lapse of time

IV. Where the demand would introduce a totally different, new and inconsistent case, and the application is made at a late stage of the proceeding

I, II, IV

III, IV

II, IV

All of these

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Explanation:

- Statement I: If the amendment isn't necessary for resolving the main issues between the parties, leave to amend should be refused as it's unnecessary.

- Statement II: When an amendment would completely displace the plaintiff's suit, it's not appropriate because it alters the core of the case.

- Statement III: Amendments removing a defendant's legal right accrued over time should be denied, respecting rights developed from the original timeline.

- Statement IV: Introducing a new, inconsistent case late in proceedings can disrupt the legal process, making timely and relevant amendments crucial.

- Option 1: Includes I, II, IV. This is incorrect because it doesn't consider Statement III, which is also valid.

- Option 2: Includes III, IV. This option is partially correct but excludes other valid statements.

- Option 3: Includes II, IV. This is incomplete, missing other statements.

- Option 4: All statements are valid reasons to refuse leave to amend.

Option 4: All of these

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