Section 13 1 and Section 18 1 were held violative of which of the following article of the Constitut...........

Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) 1973 Criminal Court and Officers

Section 13 (1) and Section 18 (1) were held violative of which of the following article of the Constitution by the Madras High Court as they authorise the conferment of powers?

Article 12

Article 13

Article 14

Article 15

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Explanation:

- Article 12: This describes "The State" for the purposes of enforcing fundamental rights. It includes the government and Parliament of India, and all local or other authorities within India’s territory.

- Article 13: Declares laws inconsistent with or in derogation of fundamental rights as void. It ensures that laws do not infringe on the fundamental rights of individuals.

- Article 14: Guarantees the right to equality before the law and the equal protection of laws within the territory of India. It prohibits arbitrary discrimination.

- Article 15: Prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.

- The Madras High Court held Sections 13(1) and 18(1) as violative of Article 14, as they authorized the conferment of arbitrary powers, leading to potential discrimination.