Explanation:

- Section 197 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) deals with the necessity of obtaining prior sanction before prosecuting public servants for actions done in their official capacity.

- It specifically protects public servants from prosecution, ensuring they can perform duties without fear of personal legal consequences for official acts.

Option 1: Private individuals

- Private individuals do not receive protection under Section 197. Their actions are not performed in an official capacity.

Option 2: Employees of public sector undertakings

- While they work in public entities, protection under Section 197 is generally limited to those holding official positions in government, not all public sector employees.

Option 3: Public servants

- The section aims to protect public servants, as they often make decisions impacting the public and require a safeguard to function effectively.

Option 4: All the above

- Not applicable, as Section 197 focuses solely on public servants.