Explanation:

Here’s the thing:

- Section 41 is about "Ostensible Owner” under the Transfer of Property Act. It talks about when someone who appears to be the owner (but isn’t) transfers property, and the real owner, by his conduct, lets it happen.

- For Section 41 to apply, the transfer must be for consideration—meaning there’s a payment, value, or exchange involved.

- It doesn’t cover gratuitous transfers (gifts or transfers without payment).

- Option 1: Transfers for consideration — Yes, that fits Section 41.

- Option 2: Gratuitous transfer — Not applicable here.

- Option 3: Both (a) and (b) — Incorrect, since only transfers for consideration are covered.

- Option 4: Only (a) — That’s spot on.

Correct Answer: Option 1 (Transfers for consideration)