Section 31 Indian Evidence Act declares ........

Indian Evidence Act (IEA) 1872 Relevancy of Facts

Section 31, Indian Evidence Act declares:

That admissions are not conclusive proof of the matters admitted, but they may operate as estoppels

Unless admissions are contractual or unless they constitute estoppels they are not conclusive, but are open rebuttal or explanation.

Either (A) or (B)

Both (A) and (B)

Explanation:

- Option 1: States that admissions are not conclusive proof but may function as estoppels. This indicates that while admissions offer significant weight in evidence, they are not absolute proof and can't prevent further evidence or challenge.

- Option 2: Suggests that admissions, unless forming part of a contract or acting as estoppels, can be contested or further explained. This allows for newer evidence or clarification to influence the case.

- Option 3: Proposes that either of the above statements can apply, offering a choice between the two interpretations.

- Option 4: Combines both (A) and (B), asserting that admissions are neither conclusive nor immune to challenge unless they're contractual or estoppels.

Correct Answer: Option 4 - Both (A) and (B)