Facts which need not be proved by the parties include ........

Indian Evidence Act (IEA) 1872 Facts not to proved

Facts which need not be proved by the parties include:

facts of which judicial notice has to be taken

facts which have been admitted by the parties at or before the hearing

both (a) & (b)

neither (a) nor (b).

- Option 1: Facts of which judicial notice has to be taken

- These are facts that are so well-known or established that they do not need evidence. Courts can accept them as true without formal proof.

- Option 2: Facts which have been admitted by the parties at or before the hearing

- These are facts that both parties agree upon. Since there is no dispute, there's no need to prove them in court.

- Option 3: Both (a) & (b)

- This option includes both judicially noticed facts and admitted facts, neither requiring proof.

- Option 4: Neither (a) nor (b)

- This suggests none of the listed facts fits the criteria for non-proof, which is incorrect.

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