Which of the following is true of the effects of admissions ........

Indian Evidence Act (IEA) 1872 Admission and Rejection of Evidence

Which of the following is true of the effects of admissions?

an admission constitutes a substantive piece of evidence in the case and, for that reason, can be relied upon for proving the truth of the facts incorporated therein

an admission has the effect of shifting the onus of proving to the contrary on the party against whom it is produced, with the result that it casts an imperative duty on such party to explain it. In the absence of a satisfactory explanation, it is presumed to true

an admission, in order to be competent and to have the value and effect referred to above should be clear, certain and definite, and not ambiguous, vague to be true

all of them

Explanation:

- Option 1: An admission is substantive evidence. It can be used to prove the facts within it since it holds evidential value.

- Option 2: An admission can shift the burden of proof. Once an admission is made, the opposing party must disprove or explain it, or it is assumed true.

- Option 3: For an admission to hold weight, it must be unequivocal. It should be clear and without vagueness to be accepted as fact.

- Option 4: All the statements (Options 1, 2, and 3) are correct, as they highlight different facets of the evidential and procedural role of admissions in legal settings.

Correct Answer: Option 4 - all of them