India has experienced a significant 38% increase in notified tuberculosis (TB) cases among children aged 14 and below, rising from 102,090 cases in 2020 to 141,182 in 2024. This alarming trend underscores the need for enhanced diagnostic measures, improved treatment access, and robust public health interventions.?

Keypoints

Notified pediatric TB cases escalated from 102,090 in 2020 to 141,182 in 2024, marking a 38% increase over five years. ?
eMediNexus

Experts attribute this surge to malnutrition, the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and a rise in drug-resistant TB strains. ?

Pediatric TB often presents with non-specific symptoms and is frequently extrapulmonary, complicating timely diagnosis. ?

Despite the rise in notified cases, pediatric TB remains underreported, with children accounting for only 5–7% of total TB notifications, compared to the expected 10–12%. ?

India contributes to 28% of the global pediatric TB burden, highlighting the country's critical role in addressing this public health challenge. ?
PMC

Government Initiatives:

The National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) is intensifying efforts to combat pediatric TB through:?

Enhanced Screening: Implementing widespread TB screening programs to facilitate early detection.?

Improved Diagnostics: Promoting the use of child-friendly diagnostic tools and techniques.?

Treatment Accessibility: Ensuring prompt treatment initiation with quality-assured drugs and regimens.?

Despite these initiatives, challenges persist, particularly in managing drug-resistant TB and ensuring comprehensive coverage across diverse regions. ?