Explanation:

Let’s break it down:

- Section 11: This is about res judicata. Basically, if a matter has already been decided by a competent court, you can’t sue again on the same issue.

- Section 12: Deals with the bar to further suit. If you have already filed a suit about the same cause of action and let it end the way it did (withdraw, etc.), you can’t bring another suit about the same matter again.

- Section 13: Refers to the conclusiveness of foreign judgments. It tells you when judgments from other countries are considered final or binding here.

- Section 16: Has to do with jurisdiction of courts in suits about immovable property—where the property is, that’s where you have to file.

So the correct answer?

Option 4: Section 12 deals with bar to further suit.