What is foreign policy?

it consists of strategies adopted by a state to protect its national interest while dealing with other states in international politics.for ex,India adopted Look East policy in 1990s to bring investments from South east Asian countries ,popularly known as 'Asian tigers'.

india's foreign policy 's changing themes 

1.from non alignment to multialignment 

Shashi Tharoor in his book Pax Indica reveals that India is gradually following multialignment policy i.e working with all major powers and becoming part of all major groups (QUAD,SCO)

2. More engagement with Indian diaspora 

In the Nehruvian era ,the official policy was minimum or no engagement with the diaspora.PM Nehru was of the view that people of Indian origin living abroad should consider their current places as their own homeland.

But after 1990s ,PM Narsimha Rao opened the space for investments from Indian diaspora in India .It has continued with certain tremendous successes from this engagement like India US civil nuclear deal.PM Modi has given his personal touch to this engamenent.

3.More focus on 3Cs and 5Ts

The Modi government has used 3Cs of culture,commerce and connectivity to boost the relationship with ASEAN,South Asian neighbours .It has also focussed on 5Ts of tourism,trade,talent,technology and tradition to strengthen it's ties with the neighbours 

4.Idealism to pragmatism 

One can understand this in our engagement with Israel.According to P.R.Kumaraswamy in the begining India Israel relations were called as 'recognition without normalisation '.This is because the early leadership kept the Palestinian cause as the utmost factor in our dealings with Israel.

But ,gradually the pragmatism took over in the relationship considering the importance of Israel for our strategic needs.Former ambassador Arun Kumar observes that now we have dehyphenated the Israel Palestine relationship .

5.From defensive to offensive defence approach 

In the past ,we have always hesitated from taking preemptive actions.In fact ,lack of any aggressive approach in response to Mumbai terror attacks has been much criticized.

But the 'new India' doesn't hesitate in conducting surgical strikes against Pakistan based terrorist camps.Infact,we also conducted a 'hot pursuit' against the NSCN(k)insurgents based in Myanmar .