With reference to lsquo fly ash rsquo produced by the power plants using the coal as fuel which of t...........

Environment and Ecology Sustainable Development

With reference to ‘fly ash’ produced by the power plants using the coal as fuel, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Fly ash can be used in the production of bricks for building construction

2. Fly ash can be used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement contents of concrete

3. Fly ash is made up of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide only, and does not contain any toxic elements.

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UPSC CSP Previous Year Paper (2015)

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1 and 2

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1 and 3

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Explanation:

Fly ash from coal-fired thermal power stations is an excellent potential raw material for the manufacture of construction material like blended cement, fly ash bricks, mosaic tiles and hollow blocks. It also has other, high volume applications and can be used for paving roads, building embankments, and mine fills.
Fly ash contains trace concentrations of heavy metals and other substances that are known to be detrimental to health in sufficient quantities. Potentially toxic trace elements in coal include arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, barium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, radium, selenium, thorium, uranium, vanadium, and zinc.