Explanation:

Demographic dividend is said to be occurring when the ratio of the working age population is high and the dependency ratio in terms of proportion of children and elderly people low. This advantage can create the space needed to increase investments in enhancing human capabilities, which, in turn, can have a positive influence on growth and development.

Enhancing the skill of working population will help in increasing productivity, therefore help in obtaining the benefits of demographic dividend.

Social security schemes can only support the existing level of subsistence of the population which cannot help in increasing productivity and also it targets non working population like old-age pension etc.

Reducing infant mortality rate does not provide any benefit of demographic dividend

Privatization is of higher education may not help in harnessing demographic dividend rather it may have negative effect as it will make education costlier thus making it out of reach of a large section of eligible population