Which of the following is are the effects of soil acidity on plants 1 ...........

Geography World - Soil and Vegetation

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Which of the following is/are the effects of soil acidity on plants?

1. It has toxic effect on root tissues and adversely affects the permeability.

2. It disturbs the balance between basic and acidic constituents of the plant thus affects growth of plants.

3. It affects the beneficial activity of soil micro-organisms.

4. It increases the decomposition of organic matter by soil organisms.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1, 2 and 3 only

2, 3 and 4 only

1, 3 and 4 only

All of the above

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Explanation:

Detrimental Effects of Soil Acidity

• Soil acidity can lead to elemental toxicities for plants by aluminum, iron, manganese, and zinc due to the increased solubility of these elements at low pH values.

• Soil acidity can cause limited availability of some macronutrients and micronutrients such as phosphorus which binds to iron and aluminum oxides in acidic soils.

• Other elements in their plant-available forms, such as molybdate, exibit decreased solubilities at low pH values.

• Microbial activity drops off in acidic conditions which can lower nitrogen (the key plant nutrient) concentrations, reducing nitrogen fixation and nitrogen mineralization, two processes vital to creating plant-available forms of nitrogen.

• Organic matter decomposition by soil organisms slows.

• Calcium, magnesium, and potassium deficiencies develop.