Introduction :- 

Cities around the world have learned that they possess a new valuable asset, namely the data generated by their various departments and agencies with each data set having its own security and privacy consideration, as well as commercial, monetary or subscription aspects. Cities such as Copenhagen, and Manchester have taken ownership of their data assets by creating data exchanges, which are software platforms that allow controlled sharing of data by providing common ways of accessing and representing the data

An important idea behind a data exchange is that data silos are actually not a bad thing, as each silo often represents a domain-optimized service that performs that function very well. Instead of breaking silos or moving data into a central repository, this approach chooses to interconnect the disparate and distributed entities through a common data exchange.

In addition, there is an opportunity for third-party providers of data, or third-party providers of data analytics or data annotation, to participate in what becomes a data marketplace.

ICCC

• It’s a center where the entire city's information is collected, viewed and analysed through a City operations center application.
• Significance: Government can take pro-active measures and informed decisions on the basis of the data on a single dashboard. This system would control street lights, parking lights, parking, traffic (including violations and congestions), waste management, water supply etc. through sensors.
• As of June 2018, ICCC were operational under 10 smart cities in India with the latest being Naya Raipur

India Urban Data Exchange :

• It’s a platform intended to facilitate easy and efficient exchange of data among various stakeholders of Smart Cities by interconnecting disparate urban data platforms, and enabling co-creation and innovation.
• Smart City Mission aims to develop an innovative city that uses information and communication technologies (ICTs) and will spend over Rs 16,000 crore (8% of the total Rs 2.04 lakh crore investment) on IT.
• After digitising municipal operations, such as waste flow, water supply, traffic patterns, and surveillance systems, the aim is to feed all data into an Integrated Command and Control Center (ICCC).
• In this manner, it reflects the two-way partnership of information sharing between funding agencies and service providers, enabling both to find smarter and more efficient ways of improving service delivery and the overall outcomes achieved for individuals, families and their communities.
• Monitoring of IUDX: Open Smart Cities of India (OSCI) will be setup as a non-profit, start up company with central and state government officials, Smart City officials, researchers, and industry players to set up and scale IUDX.

Advantage of IUDX :

• Good Governance: It will serve as a foundation for City Administration to build City Operations Center through which the city Administrators can monitor & operate the various city services Intelligently & efficiently.
• Informed policy making: It will empower Citizen, Industry, Academic and Research institution with direct access to a wide variety of data and make informed policy and decision making.
• Data Monetization: IUDX would essentially create a unified single-point data market place for various smart cities ecosystem stakeholders. This will help cities with new revenue sources and create a fertile environment for innovation.

Concern and Way Forward :

• Data Protection and Usage: Regulations and laws should detail how consent for gathering data should occur, how data can be used and shared.
• Privacy and Personal Right Protections: Smart cities will face challenges of privacy as they strive to balance innovation with personal privacy. Therefore, cities will need to establish laws and regulations that determine how the privacy of its citizens will be protected.
• Reliability and Liability: Laws will need to determine exactly who is liable for damages incurred by malfunctioning IoT technology. Standards must be developed that outline how reliable an IoT device must be in order for it to be embedded in a smart city.