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Vocational training
Vocational Education can be defined as the education that is based on occupation and employment. Vocational Education is also known as career and technical education (CTE) or technical and vocational education and training (TVET).
Vocational Training in India
Brief History of Vocational Education and training
1945: Directorate General of Employment and Training (DGE&T), was set up for re-settling demobilized defence service personnel and discharged war workers in civilian life after World War II
1950: Under the Craftsmen Training Scheme, Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) were established
1964: vocationalise secondary education recommended by Kothari committee
1986: The National Policy on Education provided for Vocational Education in the Higher Secondary Stage.
2013: National Skill Certification and Monetary Reward Scheme (STAR)
2015: Skill India Mission
2015: The part of DGE&T dealing with Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) and Apprenticeship Training Scheme (ATS) was transferred to the newly created Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) and is now known as Directorate General of Training.
Skill India mission
Skill India is a campaign launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 15 July 2015 which aim to train over 40 crore people in India in different skills by 2022. It includes various initiatives of the government like
Need for focus on vocational training
Issues with Vocational training
11. Absence of ownership of National Standards: Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship is the nodal Ministry for Skill Development. However, in addition to MSDE, there are 17 other Ministries/Departments which are doing vocational training.
12. In India vocational training is always about entry level jobs and never counted as aspirational
13. Most of the it is are running only engineering courses while 60% of the GDP is contributed by the services sector
14. Lack of social acceptability
Sharda Prasad Committee
The Sharada Prasad Committee constituted by the Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Ministry to review, rationalise and optimise the functioning of sector skill councils (SSCs)
Key findings
Vocationalization of Education in schools: Unlike other countries, Vocational Education and Vocational Training are treated separately in India despite, Kothari Commission recommendation of 50% enrollment in higher secondary stage to the vocational stream.
Recommendation: The Government should promote setting up of required number of Vocational Education and Training colleges on the pattern of Engineering and Medical colleges.
Absence of Regulator:
Absence of comprehensive legislation:
Lack of counseling, guidance and Employment Services:
Parliamentary Standing Committee on Labour
Parliamentary Standing committee under the chairmanship of Krit Somaiya has submitted its report on ‘Industrial Training Institutes and Skill Development Initiative Scheme’
Accreditation Process:
Pendency of applications and complaints:
Non-compliance of norms:
Employment Prospects after training
Underutilized capacity
Participation of State Governments
Fourth Industrial Revolution and Vocational Training
Way Ahead
By: Arpit Gupta ProfileResourcesReport error
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